What is the context?
Zion and Jerusalem are called to announce good news to Judah’s cities: their God is coming. His strength is joined to a shepherd’s care. He gathers lambs close to His heart and gently leads the nursing ewes.
The questions that follow make His greatness plain. Who measures the waters and heavens? Who weighs mountains or teaches the Lord justice? Nations are like a drop or a speck beside Him. Even Lebanon’s resources could not provide an offering equal to His greatness.
The comparison with idols exposes the absurdity of treating a crafted object as His equal. An idol must be made, decorated and secured so it will not fall. The Lord reigns above the earth, brings rulers low and calls the stars by name.
This reaches a very personal complaint: Israel feels its way is hidden and its claim ignored. The answer joins power with care. The everlasting Creator neither tires nor lacks understanding; He gives strength to the faint, and those who wait upon Him receive renewed strength.
How is this passage commonly understood?
Henry and Wesley read the questions about creation and rule as grounds for trusting the comfort already announced. God does not need advice, assistance or an image made by human hands in order to act.
For the coming Lord in verse 10, Gill discusses a reading focused on Christ’s second coming, but prefers His first coming in this context because of John’s preparation and the shepherd picture. Henry also connects the shepherd’s tenderness with Christ’s care for His people.
For the final complaint, Wesley and Gill understand hiddenness as the people’s feeling that their suffering and cause are being neglected. The answer is not that their pain is too small to matter, but that the Lord has the understanding and strength to sustain them.
Gill explains waiting as continuing in confidence, prayer and reliance on God, rather than simply standing still. The renewed strength is applied to persevering in faith and obedience through difficulty.
Where does this fit in God's plan?
Paul directly uses Isaiah’s question about the Lord’s counselor in Romans 11:33–36. It concludes his discussion of God’s mercy to Jews and Gentiles with worship: the wisdom behind His purpose exceeds human ability to trace it.
In 1 Corinthians 2:9–16, Paul again uses the question about knowing or instructing the Lord. He explains that God reveals His gifts through the Spirit and brings the discussion to the mind of Christ. The God who cannot be taught is the One who graciously makes His truth known.
The shepherd picture also has a clear parallel in John 10:11–18. Jesus describes His care through laying down His life for the sheep and gathering them into one flock. Together these connections show divine greatness serving a saving purpose: God reveals, gathers and sustains His people.
What is our position?
We don't have a position on this passage yet. When our study reaches a conclusion the text supports, it will appear here.