What is the context?
The people asking for proof about Paul are now called to examine themselves. He asks whether they are in the faith and whether they recognize Jesus Christ in them. The challenge turns their attention toward their own response to Christ.
Paul then explains what he prays for: that they do what is right, even if he appears to have failed their test. Their good matters more than an opportunity to demonstrate his authority through a severe response.
He rejoices when they are strong, even if he appears weak. His prayer for their perfection includes their strengthening and growth. The Greek word is κατάρτισις, katartisis (kah-TAR-tih-sis); Thayer’s lexicon describes strengthening or perfecting. The surrounding verses show his concern that their life in Christ be put right.
He writes while absent so that severity may be unnecessary when he arrives. He again names the purpose of the authority the Lord gave him: building them up. Self-examination is to lead toward a response that serves that growth.
How is this passage commonly understood?
Christians commonly read this as a call to serious self-examination within Paul’s appeal for the Corinthians’ good. Wesley’s notes on verses 5–9 connect the test with Christ’s presence and faith working through love. The USCCB notes on verses 5–10 likewise connect their examination with Paul’s purpose of building up the community.
Where does this fit in God's plan?
Ephesians 4:11–16 describes Christ equipping His people to grow into maturity in Him. Truth, love and each person’s service belong to the growth of the whole body.
Paul’s prayer fits that larger purpose. The Corinthians’ strengthening is part of becoming a people whose shared life reflects Christ. His authority and his prayers serve that end.
What is our position?
We don't have a position on this passage yet. When our study reaches a conclusion the text supports, it will appear here.